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Regresses the endogenous exposure on instruments + controls and reports the F-statistic for the joint significance of the INSTRUMENTS (controls partialed out), the partial R-squared, and the overall R-squared. Stock & Yogo (2005) recommend F > 10 as a rule of thumb to avoid weak-instrument bias.

Usage

causal_iv_first_stage(data, exposure, instruments, covariates = NULL)

Arguments

data

A data frame.

exposure

Character; name of the endogenous exposure column.

instruments

Character vector; names of instrument columns. More instruments than exposures gives an over-identified model on which the Sargan test is applicable.

covariates

Optional character vector of exogenous-control column names included in both first and second stage.

Value

Named list with F, F_pvalue, R2, R2_partial.